Droplet impacts on cold surfaces

We study drop impact for the case where impacted surface is cooled below freezing temperature of liquid droplet. The found to affect spreading dynamics impacting drops and, thus, degree coverage. cooling leads arrest three-phase contact line, impeding droplet drastically reducing maximum diameter. Besides temperature, speed also an important parameter: higher speed, more spreads before arrest. Based on experimental observations impacts using two different liquids and substrates, we show a combination experiments one-dimensional model, that occurs when solid layer forms substrate: this reaches well-defined critical thickness. then devise simple model efficiently predicts diameter droplets impinging, at velocities, onto surfaces maintained temperatures point.